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== Getting Started ==
#REDIRECT [[:Category:PowerCLI]]
Before being able to use any the following script you need to install...
* [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/technologies/management/powershell/download.mspx Windows PowerShell V1]
* [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/968929 Windows Powershell V2]
* [http://www.vmware.com/go/powershell VI Toolkit]
 
On the first run you need to allow the Toolkit to run properly by running (you need to run this command as an administrator, so if you're using Windows 7, for example, you'll need to start the Powershell console as an administrator, regardless of whether you're currently logged in as an admin)...
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
 
Connect to the Virtual Centre (or ESX) server using the following command using your normal username and password (same as you'd use to log into the VI Client).  You will need access to the servers on TCP 443.
Connect-VIServer -Server <server> -User <user> -Password <pass>
 
Once connected you can do real work with the PowerCLI, to see what's available, login to https://server/mob.  This is effectively where you end up once you've completed the <code> Connect-VIServer </code> command.
 
Be aware that PowerShell commands generally return objects, rather than text, and that the textual representation of the return object is often abbreviated for simplicity.  To see the entire return for a command, pipe the result into <code>Format-List</code>.  To complicate matters further, some return objects contain further objects, see examples below
 
<pre>
[vSphere PowerCLI] E:\> get-vm -name "winstg"
 
Name                PowerState Num CPUs Memory (MB)
----                ---------- -------- -----------
winstg              PoweredOn  1        756
 
 
[vSphere PowerCLI] E:\> get-vm -name "winstg" | Format-List *
 
PowerState          : PoweredOn
Description        :
Guest              : VMware.VimAutomation.Client20.VMGuestImpl
NumCpu              : 1
MemoryMB            : 756
CDDrives            : {CD/DVD Drive 1}
FloppyDrives        : {Floppy Drive 1}
HardDisks          : {Hard Disk 1}
NetworkAdapters    : {Network Adapter 1}
Host                : uklonesxt1.datastream.com
HostId              : HostSystem-host-301
HARestartPriority  : ClusterRestartPriority
HAIsolationResponse : AsSpecifiedByCluster
DrsAutomationLevel  : AsSpecifiedByCluster
CustomFields        : {}
Id                  : VirtualMachine-vm-25136
Name                : winstg
 
 
[vSphere PowerCLI] E:\> get-vm -name "ukt1ewapilp1" | Format-List *
 
PowerState          : PoweredOff
Description        :
Guest              : VMware.VimAutomation.Client20.VMGuestImpl
NumCpu              : 2
MemoryMB            : 2048
CDDrives            : {CD/DVD Drive 1}
FloppyDrives        : {Floppy Drive 1}
HardDisks          : {Hard Disk 1}
NetworkAdapters    : {Network Adapter 1, Network Adapter 2, Network Adapter 3}
Host                : uklonesxtml1.datastream.com
HostId              : HostSystem-host-662
HARestartPriority  : ClusterRestartPriority
HAIsolationResponse : AsSpecifiedByCluster
DrsAutomationLevel  : AsSpecifiedByCluster
CustomFields        : {}
Id                  : VirtualMachine-vm-697
Name                : ukt1ewapilp1
 
 
[vSphere PowerCLI] E:\> get-vm -name "ukt1ewapilp1" | ForEach-Object {$_.NetworkAdapters}
 
MacAddress      : 00:50:56:89:40:59
WakeOnLanEnabled : True
NetworkName      : PubLBFE2_52.128
Type            : Flexible
ConnectionState  : VMware.VimAutomation.Client20.ConnectInfoImpl
Id              : VirtualMachine-vm-697/4000
Name            : Network Adapter 1
 
MacAddress      : 00:50:56:89:55:40
WakeOnLanEnabled : True
NetworkName      : PubLBBE1_52.192
Type            : Flexible
ConnectionState  : VMware.VimAutomation.Client20.ConnectInfoImpl
Id              : VirtualMachine-vm-697/4001
Name            : Network Adapter 2
 
MacAddress      : 00:50:56:89:56:da
WakeOnLanEnabled : True
NetworkName      : PubHostBE2_49.192
Type            : Flexible
ConnectionState  : VMware.VimAutomation.Client20.ConnectInfoImpl
Id              : VirtualMachine-vm-697/4002
Name            : Network Adapter 3
</pre>
 
== Useful CmdLets etc ==
=== Virtual Machine ===
 
{|cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1"
! Command    !! Description
|-
| <code> get-vm </code>
| Get list of VM's
|-
| <code> get-vm <nowiki>|</nowiki> sort -property Name </code>
| Get list of VM's, sorted by name
|-
| <code> get-vmguest -VM (get-vm -name "winstg") </code>
| Get VM guest info (IP address, OS)
|-
| <code> Get-VM "winstg" <nowiki>|</nowiki> %{(Get-View $_.Id).config.uuid} </code>
| Get VM's UUID
|-
| <code> Shutdown-VMGuest -VM (get-vm -name "winstg") </code>
| Sends OS shutdown command via VM Tools
|}
 
=== ESX Host ===
 
{|cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1"
! Command    !! Description
|-
| <code> get-vmhost -name uklonesxt1* <nowiki>|</nowiki> %{(Get-View $_.ID).Config.Product} </code>
| Get ESX software version (inc build no)
|-
| <code> Get-ScsiLun -VMHost uklonesxt1* -LunType disk </code>
| Get ESX disk VML ID's (SAN ID are a part of the VML - useful for identifying LUN's with SAN team)
|-
| <code> Get-ScsiLun -VMHost uklonesxt1* -LunType disk <nowiki>|</nowiki> Get-ScsiLunPath </code>
| Get ESX SCSI paths info
|}
 
== Performance Stats ==
The full wealth of performance metrics that are collated by virtual centre are available via the PowerCLI.  This can be very useful for creating custom reports, feeding data into other tools etc.
 
== Script Extracts ==
=== VM's with Datastores List ===
List of Virtual Machines, and their datastores (with usage)
$datastoreExp = @{N="Datastore"; E={ ($_ | get-datastore | select-object -first 1).Name }}
$diskSizeExp = @{N="Total Disk"; E={ ($_ | get-harddisk | measure-object -property CapacityKB -sum).Sum }}
get-vm | select Name, $datastoreExp, $diskSizeExp | sort -property Datastore,"Total Disk"
 
=== VM's with Host and Cluster List ===
$vms = Get-VM | sort -property Name
foreach ($vm in $vms)
{
$vm | Get-Cluster | Select-Object @{Name="VM"; Expression={$vm.name}},@{Name="Current Host"; Expression={$vm.host}},Name
}
 
=== VM's Inventory CSV ===
 
<pre>
$start = Get-Date
 
# Create table for output
# Name DC OS UUID IP Cluster ESX's
 
$table = New-Object system.Data.DataTable "Results"
 
$col1 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn Name,([string])
$col2 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn DC,([string])
$col3 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn OS,([string])
$col4 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn UUID,([string])
$col5 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn MgmtIP,([string])
$col6 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn Cluster,([string])
#$col7 = New-Object system.Data.DataColumn ESXs,([string])
 
$table.columns.add($col1)
$table.columns.add($col2)
$table.columns.add($col3)
$table.columns.add($col4)
$table.columns.add($col5)
$table.columns.add($col6)
#$table.columns.add($col7)
 
$duration = (New-TimeSpan $start (Get-Date)).TotalSeconds
"Created table after $duration secs"
 
# Get VMs object
$vms = Get-VM | Sort -property Name
 
$duration = (New-TimeSpan $start (Get-Date)).TotalSeconds
"Got object list of VM's after $duration secs"
 
foreach ($vm in $vms)
{
$row = $table.NewRow()
$row.Name = (Get-VM -Name $vm).Name
$row.DC = (Get-Datacenter -VM $vm).Name
$row.OS = (Get-VMGuest -VM $vm).OSFullName
$row.UUID = %{(Get-View $vm.Id).config.uuid}
$row.MgmtIP =  [string]::join(" ", ((Get-VMGuest -VM $vm).IPAddress)) # Need to join potential list of IP's
$row.Cluster = (Get-Cluster -VM $vm).Name
$table.Rows.Add($row)
"Added row for $vm"
}
 
$duration = (New-TimeSpan $start (Get-Date)).TotalSeconds
"Populated table after $duration secs"
 
$table | Format-Table
$table | Export-Csv -path result.csv
</pre>
 
 
[[Category:VMware]]
[[Category:PowerShell]]

Latest revision as of 15:36, 4 October 2016

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